!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!   CP2K: A general program to perform molecular dynamics simulations                              !
!   Copyright 2000-2024 CP2K developers group <https://cp2k.org>                                   !
!                                                                                                  !
!   SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later                                                      !
!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!

! **************************************************************************************************
!> \par History
!>      10.2005 split input_cp2k into smaller modules [fawzi]
!> \author teo & fawzi
! **************************************************************************************************
MODULE input_cp2k_thermostats
   USE bibliography,                    ONLY: Bussi2007,&
                                              Ceriotti2009,&
                                              Ceriotti2009b,&
                                              Jones2011,&
                                              Nose1984a,&
                                              Nose1984b
   USE cp_output_handling,              ONLY: cp_print_key_section_create,&
                                              high_print_level,&
                                              low_print_level
   USE cp_units,                        ONLY: cp_unit_to_cp2k
   USE input_constants,                 ONLY: &
        do_constr_atomic, do_constr_molec, do_constr_none, do_region_defined, do_region_global, &
        do_region_massive, do_region_molecule, do_region_none, do_thermo_al, do_thermo_csvr, &
        do_thermo_gle, do_thermo_nose, do_thermo_same_as_part
   USE input_cp2k_subsys,               ONLY: create_rng_section
   USE input_keyword_types,             ONLY: keyword_create,&
                                              keyword_release,&
                                              keyword_type
   USE input_section_types,             ONLY: section_add_keyword,&
                                              section_add_subsection,&
                                              section_create,&
                                              section_release,&
                                              section_type
   USE input_val_types,                 ONLY: char_t,&
                                              integer_t,&
                                              real_t
   USE kinds,                           ONLY: dp
   USE string_utilities,                ONLY: s2a
#include "./base/base_uses.f90"

   IMPLICIT NONE
   PRIVATE

   LOGICAL, PRIVATE, PARAMETER :: debug_this_module = .TRUE.
   CHARACTER(len=*), PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: moduleN = 'input_cp2k_thermostats'

   PUBLIC :: create_thermostat_section, &
             create_thermo_fast_section, &
             create_thermo_slow_section, &
             create_coord_section, &
             create_region_section, &
             create_velocity_section, &
             create_mass_section, &
             create_gle_section

!***
CONTAINS
! **************************************************************************************************
!> \brief Specifies parameter for thermostat for constant temperature ensembles
!> \param section will contain the coeff section
!> \param coupled_thermostat ...
!> \author teo [tlaino] - University of Zurich - 09.2007
! **************************************************************************************************
   SUBROUTINE create_thermo_slow_section(section, coupled_thermostat)
      TYPE(section_type), POINTER                        :: section
      LOGICAL, INTENT(IN), OPTIONAL                      :: coupled_thermostat

      LOGICAL                                            :: my_coupled_thermostat
      TYPE(keyword_type), POINTER                        :: keyword
      TYPE(section_type), POINTER                        :: nose_section, region_section

      CPASSERT(.NOT. ASSOCIATED(section))
      my_coupled_thermostat = .FALSE.
      IF (PRESENT(coupled_thermostat)) my_coupled_thermostat = coupled_thermostat
      NULLIFY (nose_section, region_section)

      CALL section_create(section, __LOCATION__, name="THERMOSTAT_SLOW", &
                          description="Specify thermostat type and parameters controlling the thermostat.", &
                          n_keywords=1, n_subsections=0, repeats=.FALSE.)
      NULLIFY (keyword)

      IF (.NOT. my_coupled_thermostat) THEN
         CALL keyword_create(keyword, __LOCATION__, name="TYPE", &
                             description="Specify the thermostat used for the constant temperature ensembles.", &
                             usage="thermostat NOSE", &
                             default_i_val=do_thermo_nose, &
                             enum_c_vals=s2a("NOSE"), &
                             enum_i_vals=(/do_thermo_nose/), &
                             enum_desc=s2a("Uses only the Nose-Hoover thermostat."))
         CALL section_add_keyword(section, keyword)
         CALL keyword_release(keyword)

         CALL keyword_create(keyword, __LOCATION__, name="REGION", &
                             description="Determines the defined region for slow thermostat", &
                             usage="REGION (GLOBAL||MOLECULE||MASSIVE||DEFINED||NONE)", &
                             enum_c_vals=s2a("GLOBAL", "MOLECULE", "MASSIVE", "DEFINED", "NONE"), &
                             enum_i_vals=(/do_region_global, do_region_molecule, &
                                           do_region_massive, do_region_defined, do_region_none/), &
                             default_i_val=do_region_global)
         CALL section_add_keyword(section, keyword)
         CALL keyword_release(keyword)

         CALL create_region_section(region_section, "slow thermostat")
         CALL section_add_subsection(section, region_section)
         CALL section_release(region_section)
      ELSE
         CALL keyword_create(keyword, __LOCATION__, name="TYPE", &
                             description="Specify the thermostat used for the constant temperature ensembles.", &
                             usage="thermostat NOSE", &
                             default_i_val=do_thermo_same_as_part, &
                             enum_c_vals=s2a("SAME_AS_PARTICLE", "NOSE", "CSVR"), &
                             enum_i_vals=(/do_thermo_same_as_part, do_thermo_nose, do_thermo_csvr/), &
                             enum_desc=s2a("Use the same kind of thermostat used for particles.", &
                                           "Uses the Nose-Hoover thermostat.", &
                                           "Uses the canonical sampling through velocity rescaling."))
         CALL section_add_keyword(section, keyword)
         CALL keyword_release(keyword)
      END IF

      CALL create_nose_section(nose_section)
      CALL section_add_subsection(section, nose_section)
      CALL section_release(nose_section)

      ! Print Section
!       CALL create_print_section(subsection)
!       CALL section_add_subsection(section, subsection)
!       CALL section_release(subsection)

   END SUBROUTINE create_thermo_slow_section

! **************************************************************************************************
!> \brief Specifies parameter for thermostat for constant temperature ensembles
!> \param section will contain the coeff section
!> \param coupled_thermostat ...
!> \author teo [tlaino] - University of Zurich - 09.2007
! **************************************************************************************************
   SUBROUTINE create_thermo_fast_section(section, coupled_thermostat)
      TYPE(section_type), POINTER                        :: section
      LOGICAL, INTENT(IN), OPTIONAL                      :: coupled_thermostat

      LOGICAL                                            :: my_coupled_thermostat
      TYPE(keyword_type), POINTER                        :: keyword
      TYPE(section_type), POINTER                        :: nose_section, region_section

      CPASSERT(.NOT. ASSOCIATED(section))
      my_coupled_thermostat = .FALSE.
      IF (PRESENT(coupled_thermostat)) my_coupled_thermostat = coupled_thermostat
      NULLIFY (nose_section, region_section)

      CALL section_create(section, __LOCATION__, name="THERMOSTAT_FAST", &
                          description="Specify thermostat type and parameters controlling the thermostat.", &
                          n_keywords=1, n_subsections=0, repeats=.FALSE.)
      NULLIFY (keyword)

      IF (.NOT. my_coupled_thermostat) THEN
         CALL keyword_create(keyword, __LOCATION__, name="TYPE", &
                             description="Specify the thermostat used for the constant temperature ensembles.", &
                             usage="thermostat NOSE", &
                             default_i_val=do_thermo_nose, &
                             enum_c_vals=s2a("NOSE"), &
                             enum_i_vals=(/do_thermo_nose/), &
                             enum_desc=s2a("Uses only the Nose-Hoover thermostat."))
         CALL section_add_keyword(section, keyword)
         CALL keyword_release(keyword)

         CALL keyword_create(keyword, __LOCATION__, name="REGION", &
                             description="Determines the defined region for fast thermostat", &
                             usage="REGION (GLOBAL||MOLECULE||MASSIVE||DEFINED||NONE)", &
                             enum_c_vals=s2a("GLOBAL", "MOLECULE", "MASSIVE", "DEFINED", "NONE"), &
                             enum_i_vals=(/do_region_global, do_region_molecule, &
                                           do_region_massive, do_region_defined, do_region_none/), &
                             default_i_val=do_region_global)
         CALL section_add_keyword(section, keyword)
         CALL keyword_release(keyword)

         CALL create_region_section(region_section, "fast thermostat")
         CALL section_add_subsection(section, region_section)
         CALL section_release(region_section)
      ELSE
         CALL keyword_create(keyword, __LOCATION__, name="TYPE", &
                             description="Specify the thermostat used for the constant temperature ensembles.", &
                             usage="thermostat NOSE", &
                             default_i_val=do_thermo_same_as_part, &
                             enum_c_vals=s2a("SAME_AS_PARTICLE", "NOSE", "CSVR"), &
                             enum_i_vals=(/do_thermo_same_as_part, do_thermo_nose, do_thermo_csvr/), &
                             enum_desc=s2a("Use the same kind of thermostat used for particles.", &
                                           "Uses the Nose-Hoover thermostat.", &
                                           "Uses the canonical sampling through velocity rescaling."))
         CALL section_add_keyword(section, keyword)
         CALL keyword_release(keyword)
      END IF

      CALL create_nose_section(nose_section)
      CALL section_add_subsection(section, nose_section)
      CALL section_release(nose_section)

      ! Print Section
!       CALL create_print_section(subsection)
!       CALL section_add_subsection(section, subsection)
!       CALL section_release(subsection)

   END SUBROUTINE create_thermo_fast_section

! **************************************************************************************************
!> \brief Specifies parameter for thermostat for constant temperature ensembles
!> \param section will contain the coeff section
!> \param coupled_thermostat ...
!> \author teo [tlaino] - University of Zurich - 09.2007
! **************************************************************************************************
   SUBROUTINE create_thermostat_section(section, coupled_thermostat)
      TYPE(section_type), POINTER                        :: section
      LOGICAL, INTENT(IN), OPTIONAL                      :: coupled_thermostat

      LOGICAL                                            :: my_coupled_thermostat
      TYPE(keyword_type), POINTER                        :: keyword
      TYPE(section_type), POINTER                        :: al_section, csvr_section, gle_section, &
                                                            nose_section, region_section, &
                                                            subsection

      CPASSERT(.NOT. ASSOCIATED(section))
      my_coupled_thermostat = .FALSE.
      IF (PRESENT(coupled_thermostat)) my_coupled_thermostat = coupled_thermostat
      NULLIFY (csvr_section, gle_section, al_section, nose_section, subsection, region_section)

      CALL section_create(section, __LOCATION__, name="THERMOSTAT", &
                          description="Specify thermostat type and parameters controlling the thermostat.", &
                          n_keywords=1, n_subsections=0, repeats=.FALSE.)
      NULLIFY (keyword)

      IF (.NOT. my_coupled_thermostat) THEN
         CALL keyword_create(keyword, __LOCATION__, name="TYPE", &
                             description="Specify the thermostat used for the constant temperature ensembles.", &
                             usage="thermostat NOSE", &
                             default_i_val=do_thermo_nose, &
                             enum_c_vals=s2a("NOSE", "CSVR", "GLE", "AD_LANGEVIN"), &
                             enum_i_vals=(/do_thermo_nose, &
                                           do_thermo_csvr, do_thermo_gle, do_thermo_al/), &
                             enum_desc=s2a("Uses the Nose-Hoover thermostat.", &
                                           "Uses the canonical sampling through velocity rescaling.", &
                                           "Uses GLE thermostat", &
                                           "Uses adaptive-Langevin thermostat"))
         CALL section_add_keyword(section, keyword)
         CALL keyword_release(keyword)

         CALL keyword_create(keyword, __LOCATION__, name="REGION", &
                             description="Determines the region each thermostat is attached to.", &
                             usage="REGION (GLOBAL||MOLECULE||MASSIVE||DEFINED||NONE)", &
                             enum_c_vals=s2a("GLOBAL", "MOLECULE", "MASSIVE", "DEFINED", "NONE"), &
                             enum_i_vals=(/do_region_global, do_region_molecule, &
                                           do_region_massive, do_region_defined, do_region_none/), &
                             default_i_val=do_region_global)
         CALL section_add_keyword(section, keyword)
         CALL keyword_release(keyword)

         CALL create_region_section(region_section, "thermostat")
         CALL section_add_subsection(section, region_section)
         CALL section_release(region_section)
      ELSE
         CALL keyword_create(keyword, __LOCATION__, name="TYPE", &
                             description="Specify the thermostat used for the constant temperature ensembles.", &
                             usage="thermostat NOSE", &
                             default_i_val=do_thermo_same_as_part, &
                             enum_c_vals=s2a("SAME_AS_PARTICLE", "NOSE", "CSVR"), &
                             enum_i_vals=(/do_thermo_same_as_part, do_thermo_nose, do_thermo_csvr/), &
                             enum_desc=s2a("Use the same kind of thermostat used for particles.", &
                                           "Uses the Nose-Hoover thermostat.", &
                                           "Uses the canonical sampling through velocity rescaling."))
         CALL section_add_keyword(section, keyword)
         CALL keyword_release(keyword)
      END IF

      CALL create_nose_section(nose_section)
      CALL section_add_subsection(section, nose_section)
      CALL section_release(nose_section)

      CALL create_csvr_section(csvr_section)
      CALL section_add_subsection(section, csvr_section)
      CALL section_release(csvr_section)

      CALL create_gle_section(gle_section)
      CALL section_add_subsection(section, gle_section)
      CALL section_release(gle_section)

      CALL create_al_section(al_section)
      CALL section_add_subsection(section, al_section)
      CALL section_release(al_section)

      ! Print Section
      CALL create_print_section(subsection)
      CALL section_add_subsection(section, subsection)
      CALL section_release(subsection)

   END SUBROUTINE create_thermostat_section

! **************************************************************************************************
!> \brief Creates print section for thermostat section
!> \param section ...
!> \author teo [tlaino] - University of Zurich - 02.2008
! **************************************************************************************************
   SUBROUTINE create_print_section(section)
      TYPE(section_type), POINTER                        :: section

      TYPE(section_type), POINTER                        :: print_key

      CPASSERT(.NOT. ASSOCIATED(section))
      NULLIFY (print_key)
      CALL section_create(section, __LOCATION__, name="PRINT", &
                          description="Collects all print_keys for thermostat", &
                          n_keywords=1, n_subsections=0, repeats=.FALSE.)

      CALL cp_print_key_section_create(print_key, __LOCATION__, "THERMOSTAT_INFO", &
                                       description="Controls output information of the corresponding thermostat.", &
                                       print_level=low_print_level, common_iter_levels=1, &
                                       filename="__STD_OUT__")
      CALL section_add_subsection(section, print_key)
      CALL section_release(print_key)

      CALL cp_print_key_section_create(print_key, __LOCATION__, "TEMPERATURE", &
                                       description="Controls the output of the temperatures of the regions corresponding to "// &
                                       "the present thermostat", &
                                       print_level=high_print_level, common_iter_levels=1, &
                                       filename="")
      CALL section_add_subsection(section, print_key)
      CALL section_release(print_key)

      CALL cp_print_key_section_create(print_key, __LOCATION__, "ENERGY", &
                                       description="Controls the output of kinetic energy, and potential energy "// &
                                       "of the defined thermostat.", print_level=high_print_level, common_iter_levels=1, &
                                       filename="")
      CALL section_add_subsection(section, print_key)
      CALL section_release(print_key)
   END SUBROUTINE create_print_section

! **************************************************************************************************
!> \brief Creates a section to arbitrary define a region to thermostat
!> \param section will contain the coeff section
!> \param label ...
!> \author teo
! **************************************************************************************************
   SUBROUTINE create_region_section(section, label)
      TYPE(section_type), POINTER                        :: section
      CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(IN)                       :: label

      TYPE(keyword_type), POINTER                        :: keyword

      CPASSERT(.NOT. ASSOCIATED(section))

      CALL section_create(section, __LOCATION__, name="DEFINE_REGION", &
                          description="This section provides the possibility to define arbitrary region "// &
                          "for the "//TRIM(label)//".", &
                          n_keywords=1, n_subsections=0, repeats=.TRUE.)

      NULLIFY (keyword)
      CALL keyword_create(keyword, __LOCATION__, name="LIST", &
                          description="Specifies a list of atoms to thermostat.", &
                          usage="LIST {integer} {integer} .. {integer}", repeats=.TRUE., &
                          n_var=-1, type_of_var=integer_t)
      CALL section_add_keyword(section, keyword)
      CALL keyword_release(keyword)

      CALL keyword_create(keyword, __LOCATION__, name="MOLNAME", &
                          variants=(/"SEGNAME"/), &
                          description="Specifies the name of the molecules to thermostat", &
                          usage="MOLNAME WAT MEOH", repeats=.TRUE., &
                          n_var=-1, type_of_var=char_t)
      CALL section_add_keyword(section, keyword)
      CALL keyword_release(keyword)

      CALL keyword_create(keyword, __LOCATION__, name="MM_SUBSYS", &
                          variants=(/"PROTEIN"/), &
                          description="In a QM/MM run all  MM atoms are specified as a whole ensemble to be thermostated", &
                          usage="MM_SUBSYS (NONE|ATOMIC|MOLECULAR)", &
                          enum_c_vals=s2a("NONE", "ATOMIC", "MOLECULAR"), &
                          enum_i_vals=(/do_constr_none, do_constr_atomic, do_constr_molec/), &
                          enum_desc=s2a("Thermostat nothing", &
                                        "Only the MM atoms itself", &
                                        "The full molecule/residue that contains a MM atom"), &
                          default_i_val=do_constr_none, repeats=.FALSE.)
      CALL section_add_keyword(section, keyword)
      CALL keyword_release(keyword)

      CALL keyword_create(keyword, __LOCATION__, name="QM_SUBSYS", &
                          description="In a QM/MM run all QM atoms are specified as a whole ensemble to be thermostated", &
                          usage="QM_SUBSYS (NONE|ATOMIC|MOLECULAR)", &
                          enum_c_vals=s2a("NONE", "ATOMIC", "MOLECULAR"), &
                          enum_desc=s2a("Thermostat nothing", &
                                        "Only the QM atoms itself", &
                                        "The full molecule/residue that contains a QM atom"), &
                          enum_i_vals=(/do_constr_none, do_constr_atomic, do_constr_molec/), &
                          default_i_val=do_constr_none, repeats=.FALSE.)
      CALL section_add_keyword(section, keyword)
      CALL keyword_release(keyword)

   END SUBROUTINE create_region_section

! **************************************************************************************************
!> \brief ...
!> \param section will contain the ewald section
!> \author gloria
! **************************************************************************************************
   SUBROUTINE create_nose_section(section)
      TYPE(section_type), POINTER                        :: section

      TYPE(keyword_type), POINTER                        :: keyword
      TYPE(section_type), POINTER                        :: subsection

      CPASSERT(.NOT. ASSOCIATED(section))
      CALL section_create(section, __LOCATION__, name="nose", &
                          description="paramameters of the Nose Hoover thermostat chain", &
                          citations=(/Nose1984a, Nose1984b/))

      NULLIFY (keyword, subsection)
      CALL keyword_create(keyword, __LOCATION__, name="length", &
                          description="length of the Nose-Hoover chain", usage="length integer", &
                          default_i_val=3)
      CALL section_add_keyword(section, keyword)
      CALL keyword_release(keyword)

      CALL keyword_create(keyword, __LOCATION__, name="Yoshida", &
                          description="order of the yoshida integrator used for the thermostat", &
                          usage="Yoshida integer", &
                          default_i_val=3)
      CALL section_add_keyword(section, keyword)
      CALL keyword_release(keyword)

      CALL keyword_create(keyword, __LOCATION__, name="timecon", &
                          description="timeconstant of the thermostat chain", &
                          usage="timecon <REAL>", &
                          default_r_val=cp_unit_to_cp2k(1000.0_dp, "fs"), &
                          unit_str="fs")
      CALL section_add_keyword(section, keyword)
      CALL keyword_release(keyword)

      CALL keyword_create(keyword, __LOCATION__, name="mts", &
                          variants=s2a("multiple_time_steps", "mult_t_steps"), &
                          description="number of multiple timesteps to be used for the NoseHoover chain", &
                          usage="mts integer", &
                          default_i_val=2)
      CALL section_add_keyword(section, keyword)
      CALL keyword_release(keyword)

      CALL create_coord_section(subsection, "NOSE HOOVER")
      CALL section_add_subsection(section, subsection)
      CALL section_release(subsection)

      CALL create_velocity_section(subsection, "NOSE HOOVER")
      CALL section_add_subsection(section, subsection)
      CALL section_release(subsection)

      CALL create_mass_section(subsection, "NOSE HOOVER")
      CALL section_add_subsection(section, subsection)
      CALL section_release(subsection)

      CALL create_force_section(subsection, "NOSE HOOVER")
      CALL section_add_subsection(section, subsection)
      CALL section_release(subsection)

   END SUBROUTINE create_nose_section

! **************************************************************************************************
!> \brief ...
!> \param section ...
!> \param
!> \author
! **************************************************************************************************
   SUBROUTINE create_gle_section(section)
      TYPE(section_type), POINTER                        :: section

      TYPE(keyword_type), POINTER                        :: keyword
      TYPE(section_type), POINTER                        :: subsection

      CPASSERT(.NOT. ASSOCIATED(section))
      CALL section_create(section, __LOCATION__, name="GLE", &
                          description="paramameters of the gle thermostat. This section can be generated "// &
                          "from <https://gle4md.org/index.html?page=matrix>.", &
                          citations=(/Ceriotti2009, Ceriotti2009b/))

      NULLIFY (keyword, subsection)

      CALL keyword_create(keyword, __LOCATION__, name="NDIM", &
                          description="Size of the gle matrix", usage="NDIM 6", &
                          default_i_val=5)
      CALL section_add_keyword(section, keyword)
      CALL keyword_release(keyword)

      CALL keyword_create(keyword, __LOCATION__, name="A_SCALE", &
                          description="scaling factor for matrix A (for generic matrix A, depends "// &
                          "on the characteristic frequency of the system).", usage="A_SCALE 0.5", &
                          default_r_val=cp_unit_to_cp2k(1.0_dp, "ps^-1"), unit_str="ps^-1")
      CALL section_add_keyword(section, keyword)
      CALL keyword_release(keyword)

      CALL keyword_create(keyword, __LOCATION__, name="A_LIST", &
                          description="A matrix The defaults give optimal sampling for most "// &
                          "cristalline and liquid compounds. Generated with the parameters set kv_4-4.a "// &
                          "centered on w_0=40 cm^-1.", usage="A_LIST real real real", &
                          type_of_var=real_t, unit_str="internal_cp2k", &
                          n_var=-1, repeats=.TRUE.)
!             default_r_vals=(/ &
!    1.859575861256e+2_dp,  2.726385349840e-1_dp,  1.152610045461e+1_dp, -3.641457826260e+1_dp,  2.317337581602e+2_dp, &
!   -2.780952471206e-1_dp,  8.595159180871e-5_dp,  7.218904801765e-1_dp, -1.984453934386e-1_dp,  4.240925758342e-1_dp, &
!   -1.482580813121e+1_dp, -7.218904801765e-1_dp,  1.359090212128e+0_dp,  5.149889628035e+0_dp, -9.994926845099e+0_dp, &
!   -1.037218912688e+1_dp,  1.984453934386e-1_dp, -5.149889628035e+0_dp,  2.666191089117e+1_dp,  1.150771549531e+1_dp, &
!    2.180134636042e+2_dp, -4.240925758342e-1_dp,  9.994926845099e+0_dp, -1.150771549531e+1_dp,  3.095839456559e+2_dp /), &
      CALL section_add_keyword(section, keyword)
      CALL keyword_release(keyword)

      CALL keyword_create(keyword, __LOCATION__, name="C_LIST", &
                          description="C matrix", usage="C_LIST real real real", &
                          unit_str="K_e", &
                          type_of_var=real_t, n_var=-1, repeats=.TRUE.)
      CALL section_add_keyword(section, keyword)
      CALL keyword_release(keyword)

      CALL create_thermo_energy_section(subsection)
      CALL section_add_subsection(section, subsection)
      CALL section_release(subsection)

      CALL create_rng_section(subsection)
      CALL section_add_subsection(section, subsection)
      CALL section_release(subsection)

      CALL create_gles_section(subsection)
      CALL section_add_subsection(section, subsection)
      CALL section_release(subsection)

   END SUBROUTINE create_gle_section

! **************************************************************************************************
!> \brief Creates the gles section
!> \param section the section to create
!> \author teo
! **************************************************************************************************
   SUBROUTINE create_gles_section(section)
      TYPE(section_type), POINTER                        :: section

      TYPE(keyword_type), POINTER                        :: keyword

      CPASSERT(.NOT. ASSOCIATED(section))
      CALL section_create(section, __LOCATION__, name="s", &
                          description="The s variable for GLE used for restart", &
                          n_keywords=1, n_subsections=0, repeats=.FALSE.)
      NULLIFY (keyword)

      CALL keyword_create(keyword, __LOCATION__, name="_DEFAULT_KEYWORD_", &
                          description="Specify s variable for GLE thermostat ", repeats=.FALSE., &
                          usage="{Real} ...", type_of_var=real_t, n_var=-1)
      CALL section_add_keyword(section, keyword)
      CALL keyword_release(keyword)

   END SUBROUTINE create_gles_section

! **************************************************************************************************
!> \brief ...
!> \param section will contain the ewald section
!> \author teo [tlaino] - University of Zurich - 09.2007
! **************************************************************************************************
   SUBROUTINE create_csvr_section(section)
      TYPE(section_type), POINTER                        :: section

      TYPE(keyword_type), POINTER                        :: keyword
      TYPE(section_type), POINTER                        :: subsection

      CPASSERT(.NOT. ASSOCIATED(section))
      CALL section_create(section, __LOCATION__, name="csvr", &
                          description="Parameters of the canonical sampling through velocity rescaling thermostat.", &
                          citations=(/Bussi2007/))

      NULLIFY (keyword, subsection)

      CALL keyword_create(keyword, __LOCATION__, name="timecon", &
                          description="Time constant of the CSVR thermostat. A small time "// &
                          "constant will result in strong thermostatting (useful for "// &
                          "initial equilibrations) and a large time constant would be adequate "// &
                          "to get weak thermostatting in production runs.", &
                          usage="timecon <REAL>", &
                          default_r_val=cp_unit_to_cp2k(1000.0_dp, "fs"), &
                          unit_str="fs")
      CALL section_add_keyword(section, keyword)
      CALL keyword_release(keyword)

      CALL create_thermo_energy_section(subsection)
      CALL section_add_subsection(section, subsection)
      CALL section_release(subsection)

      CALL create_rng_section(subsection)
      CALL section_add_subsection(section, subsection)
      CALL section_release(subsection)

   END SUBROUTINE create_csvr_section

! **************************************************************************************************
!> \brief ...
!> \param section will contain the adaptive langevin section
!> \author Noam [bernstei]
! **************************************************************************************************
   SUBROUTINE create_al_section(section)
      TYPE(section_type), POINTER                        :: section

      TYPE(keyword_type), POINTER                        :: keyword
      TYPE(section_type), POINTER                        :: subsection

      CPASSERT(.NOT. ASSOCIATED(section))
      CALL section_create(section, __LOCATION__, name="ad_langevin", &
                          description="Parameters of the adaptive-Langevin thermostat."// &
                          " Known to work with NVT ensemble, but not tested with"// &
                          " other ensembles.  Also tested with FIXED_ATOMS constraints, but"// &
                          " may not work with other constraints (restraints should be OK, but"// &
                          " haven't been well tested)", &
                          citations=(/Jones2011/))

      NULLIFY (keyword, subsection)

      CALL keyword_create(keyword, __LOCATION__, name="timecon_nh", &
                          description="Time constant of the Nose-Hoover part of the AD_LANGEVIN thermostat. A small time "// &
                          "constant will result in strong thermostatting (useful for "// &
                          "initial equilibrations) and a large time constant would be adequate "// &
                          "to get weak thermostatting in production runs.", &
                          usage="timecon_nh <REAL>", &
                          default_r_val=cp_unit_to_cp2k(1000.0_dp, "fs"), &
                          unit_str="fs")
      CALL section_add_keyword(section, keyword)
      CALL keyword_release(keyword)

      CALL keyword_create(keyword, __LOCATION__, name="timecon_langevin", &
                          description="Time constant of the Langevin part of the AD_LANGEVIN thermostat. A small time "// &
                          "constant will result in strong thermostatting (useful for "// &
                          "initial equilibrations) and a large time constant would be adequate "// &
                          "to get weak thermostatting in production runs.", &
                          usage="timecon_langevin <REAL>", &
                          default_r_val=cp_unit_to_cp2k(1000.0_dp, "fs"), &
                          unit_str="fs")
      CALL section_add_keyword(section, keyword)
      CALL keyword_release(keyword)

      CALL create_thermo_chi_mass_section(subsection, "CHI")
      CALL section_add_subsection(section, subsection)
      CALL section_release(subsection)

      CALL create_thermo_chi_mass_section(subsection, "MASS")
      CALL section_add_subsection(section, subsection)
      CALL section_release(subsection)

   END SUBROUTINE create_al_section

! **************************************************************************************************
!> \brief Creates the thermostat chi restarting section
!> \param section the section to create
!> \param sec_name ...
!> \author teo
! **************************************************************************************************
   SUBROUTINE create_thermo_chi_mass_section(section, sec_name)
      TYPE(section_type), POINTER                        :: section
      CHARACTER(len=*)                                   :: sec_name

      TYPE(keyword_type), POINTER                        :: keyword

      CPASSERT(.NOT. ASSOCIATED(section))
      CALL section_create(section, __LOCATION__, name=TRIM(sec_name), &
                          description="Information to initialize the Ad-Langevin thermostat DOF "//TRIM(sec_name), &
                          n_keywords=1, n_subsections=0, repeats=.FALSE.)
      NULLIFY (keyword)

      CALL keyword_create(keyword, __LOCATION__, name="_DEFAULT_KEYWORD_", &
                          description="Specify an initial thermostat DOF "//TRIM(sec_name)// &
                          " for Ad-Langevin thermostat.", repeats=.TRUE., &
                          unit_str="fs^-1", type_of_var=real_t)
      CALL section_add_keyword(section, keyword)
      CALL keyword_release(keyword)

   END SUBROUTINE create_thermo_chi_mass_section

! **************************************************************************************************
!> \brief Creates the thermostat energy restarting section
!> \param section the section to create
!> \author teo
! **************************************************************************************************
   SUBROUTINE create_thermo_energy_section(section)
      TYPE(section_type), POINTER                        :: section

      TYPE(keyword_type), POINTER                        :: keyword

      CPASSERT(.NOT. ASSOCIATED(section))
      CALL section_create(section, __LOCATION__, name="THERMOSTAT_ENERGY", &
                          description="Information to initialize the CSVR thermostat energy.", &
                          n_keywords=1, n_subsections=0, repeats=.FALSE.)
      NULLIFY (keyword)

      CALL keyword_create(keyword, __LOCATION__, name="_DEFAULT_KEYWORD_", &
                          description="Specify an initial thermostat energy for CSVR thermostat.", &
                          repeats=.TRUE., unit_str="internal_cp2k", type_of_var=real_t)
      CALL section_add_keyword(section, keyword)
      CALL keyword_release(keyword)

   END SUBROUTINE create_thermo_energy_section

! **************************************************************************************************
!> \brief Creates the mass section
!> \param section the section to create
!> \param name ...
!> \author teo
! **************************************************************************************************
   SUBROUTINE create_force_section(section, name)
      TYPE(section_type), POINTER                        :: section
      CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(IN)                       :: name

      TYPE(keyword_type), POINTER                        :: keyword

      CPASSERT(.NOT. ASSOCIATED(section))
      CALL section_create(section, __LOCATION__, name="force", &
                          description="The forces for "//TRIM(name)//" used for restart", &
                          n_keywords=1, n_subsections=0, repeats=.FALSE.)
      NULLIFY (keyword)

      CALL keyword_create(keyword, __LOCATION__, name="_DEFAULT_KEYWORD_", &
                          description="Specify masses of the system", repeats=.FALSE., &
                          usage="{Real} ...", type_of_var=real_t, n_var=-1)
      CALL section_add_keyword(section, keyword)
      CALL keyword_release(keyword)

   END SUBROUTINE create_force_section

! **************************************************************************************************
!> \brief Creates the mass section
!> \param section the section to create
!> \param name ...
!> \author teo
! **************************************************************************************************
   SUBROUTINE create_mass_section(section, name)
      TYPE(section_type), POINTER                        :: section
      CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(IN)                       :: name

      TYPE(keyword_type), POINTER                        :: keyword

      CPASSERT(.NOT. ASSOCIATED(section))
      CALL section_create(section, __LOCATION__, name="mass", &
                          description="The masses for "//TRIM(name)//" used for restart", &
                          n_keywords=1, n_subsections=0, repeats=.FALSE.)
      NULLIFY (keyword)

      CALL keyword_create(keyword, __LOCATION__, name="_DEFAULT_KEYWORD_", &
                          description="Specify masses of the system", repeats=.FALSE., &
                          usage="{Real} ...", type_of_var=real_t, n_var=-1)
      CALL section_add_keyword(section, keyword)
      CALL keyword_release(keyword)

   END SUBROUTINE create_mass_section

! **************************************************************************************************
!> \brief Creates the velocity section
!> \param section the section to create
!> \param name ...
!> \author teo
! **************************************************************************************************
   SUBROUTINE create_velocity_section(section, name)
      TYPE(section_type), POINTER                        :: section
      CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(IN)                       :: name

      TYPE(keyword_type), POINTER                        :: keyword

      CPASSERT(.NOT. ASSOCIATED(section))
      CALL section_create(section, __LOCATION__, name="velocity", &
                          description="The velocities for "//TRIM(name)//" used for restart", &
                          n_keywords=1, n_subsections=0, repeats=.FALSE.)
      NULLIFY (keyword)

      CALL keyword_create(keyword, __LOCATION__, name="_DEFAULT_KEYWORD_", &
                          description="Specify velocities of the system", repeats=.TRUE., &
                          usage="{Real} ...", type_of_var=real_t, n_var=-1)
      CALL section_add_keyword(section, keyword)
      CALL keyword_release(keyword)

   END SUBROUTINE create_velocity_section

! **************************************************************************************************
!> \brief Creates the coord section
!> \param section the section to create
!> \param name ...
!> \author teo
! **************************************************************************************************
   SUBROUTINE create_coord_section(section, name)
      TYPE(section_type), POINTER                        :: section
      CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(IN)                       :: name

      TYPE(keyword_type), POINTER                        :: keyword

      CPASSERT(.NOT. ASSOCIATED(section))
      CALL section_create(section, __LOCATION__, name="coord", &
                          description="The positions for "//TRIM(name)//" used for restart", &
                          n_keywords=1, n_subsections=0, repeats=.FALSE.)
      NULLIFY (keyword)

      CALL keyword_create(keyword, __LOCATION__, name="_DEFAULT_KEYWORD_", &
                          description="Specify positions of the system", repeats=.TRUE., &
                          usage="{Real} ...", type_of_var=real_t, n_var=-1)
      CALL section_add_keyword(section, keyword)
      CALL keyword_release(keyword)

   END SUBROUTINE create_coord_section

END MODULE input_cp2k_thermostats
